Wicked Tickets to a New World

Call me sad but I could never get too thrilled for Dorothy when she won out over the Wicked Witch of the West. Those sad little feet sticking out from under the cabin never told the whole story and there had to be more to her than that awful cackle. What motivated her? What strange combination of birth and social environment brought her to this sad end?

I really enjoyed Gregory Maguire’s acclaimed 1995 novel, Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West because it took me back to the land of Oz, and filled a gap for me with its parallel universe to the familiar origina written by L. Frank Baum and first published as The Wonderful Wizard of Oz in 1900.

So imagine my pleasure when I went online and ordered my Wicked tickets. Wicked is to Maguire’s book what The Wizard of OZ was to Baum’s. My Wicked tickets, when they arrived in the mail, proved to be anything but wicked tickets. Rather they were Wicked tickets to a whole new world of magic, mystery and music that recaptured my childhood wonderment before the Wizard of Oz crushed it in favor of dreary Kansas.

My Wicked tickets would let me in to the incredible untold story of a fantasy friendship between two girls who first meet at Shiz University. Shades of Harry Potter and Billy Bunter I know but the age-old literary device of separating youngsters from the adult world works for me. My Wicked tickets introduced me to the beautiful, blonde and very popular Glinda and the complex, misunderstood and bright green girl, Elphaba.

My Wicked tickets let me follow these witches through an encounter with The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, and on to where their friendship reaches a separation point and their lives take very different paths. Glinda’s real world obsession with celebrity sees her seduced by power while Elphaba’s ‘true grit’ to remain true to herself, and to her peer group, will have surprising and disturbing consequences for her future which we know is waiting for her at the end of the rainbow. Their surreal adventures in Oz will ultimately see them fulfill their ultimate roles as Glinda The Good and Elphaba the Wicked Witch of the West.

The advanced publicity that came with my Wicked tickets described the musical as ‘a rich and triumphant feat of imagination and allegory’, Gregory Maguire’s brilliant work ofimagination has been critically acclaimed. The entertainment press say ‘while weaving a seductive web of fantasy and fun, Maguire also manages to score serious points about the nature of being an outsider in our society’. I say, my Wicked tickets finally resolved some unfinished business from the Wizard of Oz.

Wicked lives up to its billing as a spectacle. It has won many awards as a stage adaptation, with music & lyrics by Stephen Schwartz and has become the most spellbinding and popular new musical in years. I definitely agree with the Evening Standard that Wicked tickets will pay you back with ‘a remarkable kaleidoscope of magical shocks, surprises and sensations, Wicked works like a dream.’

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Book Review: The Truth about the JFK Assassination Conspiracy is Finally Revealed

Why did the New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison and the U.S. Justice Department refuse to investigate the known Mafia leader Carlos Marcello in connection with the assassination of President John F. Kennedy? Why did Garrison, along with other U.S. Justice Department officials, deny the existence of the Mafia’s part in the assassination when it was clearly a matter to be investigated? These questions and more are finally answered in Payne’s eye-opening book.

Names such as Lee Harvey Oswald, Clay Shaw and David Ferrie always arouse curiosity in the minds of those who want to know what really happened on that dreaded day in history. These three men were said to have been seen together on the day of JFK’s assassination, but were they really? Witnesses changed their stories. Why?

The author goes a step further and looks closely at the New Orleans FBI and those that were in charge of investigating the JFK assassination as well as the possible involvement of Carlos Marcello. He also explains in vivid detail key facts in the investigation such as the missing “BRILAB” tape recordings, the “FOGG” arrest report, and more.

EXCERPTS FROM THE BOOK “FALSELY ACCUSED”

From Chapter 1:

In Marcello’s case the intent of the Kennedy administration was made known even before Inauguration Day, January 20, 1961. On December 28, 1960, the New Orleans States-Item reported that Attorney General-designate Kennedy was planning specific actions against Marcello. An FBI report from that period noted:

“On January 12, 1961, a [source] advised that Carlos Marcello is extremely apprehensive and upset and has been since the New Orleans States-Item newspaper on December 28, 1960 published a news story reporting that… Robert F. Kennedy stated he would expedite the deportation proceedings pending against Marcello after Kennedy takes office in January 1961.”

While the House Select Committee on Assassinations carefully examined numerous areas of information pertaining to the proficiency of the FBI in investigating organized crime during the 1950′s and early 1960′s, and found various areas in which Bureau performance was significantly deficient, questionable and even suspiciously so, the city of New Orleans was a special case. The FBI’s outright denial of the existence of organized crime in New Orleans was unique to that city.

The facts reveal that the Bureau’s conclusions on Marcello in New Orleans were attributable to a disturbing attitude on the part of the senior agent who supervised the organized crime investigations in that city, Regis Kennedy. He had been in charge of the Bureau’s work on Marcello and the New Orleans Mafia for years; unfortunately, he had also directed much of the FBI investigation in that city of President Kennedy’s assassination.

Home appliance industry to rural areas: access to 23 markets in the band Diansha?

 

Today, the situation of home appliance industry has been “one side is the sea side of the flame,” confused the city competitive enterprise and mutilated’s vast rural market is difficult to move. The rural consumers an array of home appliances in the city looked, it was like a hot potato?? Do not buy it, they really and truly needs; buy it, they felt unhappy. So what rural consumers what kind of appliance products? In order to understand first-hand information, reporters specifically the status of the rural household appliance market, and rural consumers were surveyed.

Products should be simple and durable

“Into the rural areas is a number of appliances should be, first of all is the price to it.” Survey at a press conference, the migrant workers from Hubei Xiaogan Liaoxian Yong said. Now the city’s many household appliances, starting prices are high, but long before the fall, like a TV, not a few days, the price would fall by several hundred dollars or even a thousand dollars. Liaoxian Yong said: “The money for the city people may be nothing, but in rural areas, perhaps even a annual income of a family. Like where farmers dares to buy the product ah? Once bought a few days a lower price, then how sad heart, ah, but also by neighbors, a joke. Therefore, the appliance can not be sold to farmers is the kind of trendy products, but should have a mature product areas, especially the price, it should be really stable . ”

Hands for now save some money but not well-off rural consumers, the decision to purchase the most important factor is price. Reporters learned in the survey, rural consumers and urban consumers, consumer psychology is different. The purpose of rural consumers to purchase very high specificity, the general purpose of purchasing a product to meet the most basic needs, like TV, purchase purpose is to watch television programs, unlike many of the city, but also consider Does progressive scan, if zero radiation, whether digital high-definition, whether the computer docking so. Koyanagi migrant workers from Hebei, said the city is very fashionable these features are not practical in rural areas a little, but there was no need. But a

Taiwan Power Company

As many of these features, price higher than what many, even several times, it is uneconomical.

This year’s “51″ during the special drive to Hebei Gu’an’s rural market survey found that sales of household electrical appliances and there is basically no difference between the city did not point the rural characteristics, and is said to be the transport of reasons, some Product price or price is higher than the city tens of dollars.

In the survey, journalists feel very strongly, rural consumers without high demands on household appliances, to say the requirements can only be one word?? Simple to describe: style simple, functional simplicity, price and simple. Koyanagi words used are: TV shows and DVD to watch on line;

Air conditioning

To energy saving refrigeration on the line, those health, sterilization,

Ventilation

, Ventilation, oxygen for a class of functions, no use in rural areas, rural areas like the air had the house of the permeability Ye Hao, air-conditioning is also not the time to use the city as long; refrigerator to frozen food on the line, sterilization , preservation is not important in the rural areas

Vegetables

Are the Abstract is to eat, buy a refrigerator are usually left to prevent the occasional meal modification, the other is to be able to eat and drink during the hot summer on the frozen drinks.

, Of course, all of which must be based on quality assurance, because the rural areas

Appliance service

Very inadequate.

Service can not be less

Compared with the urban and rural consumer appliances required service level is not high, usually stays in the most basic level of service needs, that is, when the appliances out of the time was to repair faults.

Of migrant workers from Hubei Xiaogan Xiaopeng said

Appliance Repair

Difficult in rural areas is a common problem, farmers are not afraid to buy home appliances most city people can enjoy the pursuit of “God treatment”, but no local appliance repair after bad. He said they have not a home appliance company in town dedicated service department, are self-employed in home appliances repair, maintenance personnel were mostly to study in their own time, and then started groping for repair, many people have not read even the circuit . Now the electric variety, that is, through the corporate training staff sometimes find it hard to fix, not to mention those non-professionals in rural areas do. However, farmers buy a home appliance is not easy, would not easily be eliminated, so the number in need of repair and certainly more than the city.

Bay Area Rapid Transit

History

Development and origins

Main article: History of the Bay Area Rapid Transit

Some of the Bay Area Rapid Transit System’s current coverage area was once served by the electrified streetcar and suburban train system called the Key System. This early twentieth century system once had regular trans-bay traffic across the lower deck of the Bay Bridge. By the mid-1950s that entire system had been dismantled in favor of highway travel using automobiles and buses – given the explosive growth of expressway construction. A new rapid-transit system was proposed to take the place of the Key System during the late 1940s, and formal planning for it began in the 1950s. Some funding was secured for the BART system in 1959, and construction began a few years later. The first passenger rail service commenced on a few stretches of track in September 1972. The new BART system was hailed by some authorities as a major step forwards in subway technology.

However, questions arose concerning the safety of the BART system and the huge expenditures necessary for the construction of the BART network. Praise for the new transportation system was not unanimous at first.

Recent history

2006 statistics

Number of vehicles

670

Initial system cost

.6 billion

Equivalent cost in 2004 dollars (replacement cost)

billion

Hourly passenger capacity

15,000

Maximum daily capacity

360,000

Average weekday ridership

322,965

Annual gross fare income

3.65 million

Annual expenses

1.81 million

Annual profits (losses)

(0 million)

Rail cost/passenger mile (excluding capital costs)

$ .323

A recent study shows that along with some Bay Area freeways, some of BART’s overhead structures could be extensively damaged and could potentially collapse in the event of a major earthquake, which is predicted as highly likely to happen in the Bay Area within the next 30 years. Extensive seismic retrofit will be necessary to address many of these deficiencies, although one in particular, the penetration of the Hayward Fault Zone by the Berkeley Hills Tunnel, will be left for correction after any disabling earthquake, with the consequences for in-transit trains, their operators, and their passengers left to chance.

In May 2004, BART became the first transit system in the nation to offer cellular telephone communication to passengers of all wireless carriers on its trains underground. This is in contrast to other systems in United States, which, while having some cellular telephone service, do not provide it for passengers of all the major cell phone carriers. Service was made available for customers of Verizon Wireless, Sprint/Nextel, AT&T Mobility, and T-Mobile in and between the four San Francisco Market Street stations from Civic Center to Embarcadero. In 2005, coverage was made available between Balboa Park and 16th St. Mission. By July 2008, the fifth cell phone network of the Bay Area, MetroPCS, was added. In December 2009, service was expanded to include the Transbay Tube, thus providing continuous cell phone coverage between West Oakland and Balboa Park. Service is planned to be added in downtown Oakland, Berkeley, and the Berkeley Hills Tunnel by the end of the third quarter 2010. Coverage is expected to be added to South San Francisco and San Bruno in 2011. The goal is to provide continuous cell phone and internet service throughout the entire BART system.
Starting on February 20, 2007 BART entered into an agreement to permit a beta test of WiFi Internet access for travelers on the BART system. It initially included the four San Francisco downtown stations; Embarcadero, Montgomery, Powell, and Civic Center. To date over 30,000 patrons have utilized the service. The testing and demonstration also includes above ground testing to trains at BART’s Hayward Test Track. The testing and deployment has been extended into the underground interconnecting tubes between the four downtown stations and further. The successful demonstration and testing provided for a 10 year contract with WiFi Rail, Inc. for the services throughout the BART Right Of Way (ROW).
During the months of May 2008 and July 2008 the WiFi service was expanded to include the Transbay Tube and now awaits BART cars which have the necessary WiFi equipment to benefit from the network access.

Since the mid 1990s, BART has been trying to modernize its aging 30-year-old system. The aforementioned fleet rehabilitation is part of this modernization; presently, fire alarms, water-sprinkling systems, yellow tactile platform edge domes, and cemented-mat rubber tiles are being installed. The rough black tiles on the platform edge mark the location of the doorway of approaching trains, allowing passengers to wait at the appropriate locations for the train, instead of waiting until the train arrives to figure out where to board. All faregates and ticket vending machines have also been completely replaced.

In the spring of 2007, BART experimented with a system of placed advertisement panels in the Transbay Tube, and when riders looking at the windows saw what looked to be a moving commercial for what was Reebok’s “Run Easy” campaign.

On April 10, 2007, BART General Manager Tom Margro, who has been BART chief for eleven years, announced his retirement.

In late May, 2007, BART stated its intention to improve non-peak (night and weekend) headways for each line to only 15 minutes. The current 20-minute headways at these times is viewed as a psychological barrier to ridership. June 2007, BART temporarily reversed its position stating that the shortened wait times would likely not happen due to a 0,000 state revenue budget shortfall. Nevertheless, BART eventually confirmed the implementation of the plan by January 1, 2008.

Furthermore, in June 2007, BART suddenly removed all references to implementation of the TransLink payment system from their website. BART spokesperson Marty Moran stated (via email) that TransLink now may be implemented as early as late 2007. Implementation of TransLink on BART was pushed back even further due to disputes regarding the processing of fares between MTC and BART. TransLink was planned to be rolled out simultaneously on BART, SF Muni, and Caltrain in Spring 2008,. TransLink access was rolled out in May of 2009 .

As BART celebrated the 50th anniversary of its creation by the state legislature, the organization’s management announced their plans for the next 50 years. Their vision includes adding a four-bore transbay tube beneath San Francisco Bay that would run parallel and south of the existing tunnel and emerge at the Transbay Transit Terminal to provide connecting service to Caltrain and the proposed future California High Speed Rail system. The four-bore tunnel would provide two tunnels for BART and two tunnels for conventional/high-speed rail. BART’s plan focus is on improving service and reliability in its core system (where density and ridership is highest), rather than extensions into far-flung suburbia. These plans include: a line that would continue from the Transbay Terminal through the South-of-Market, northwards on Van Ness and terminating in western San Francisco along the Geary corridor, the Presidio, or North Beach; a line along the Interstate Highway 680 corridor; and a fourth set of rail tracks through Oakland.

Numerous rail service changes were implemented beginning on January 1, 2008. Among the changes, the trains on the Pittsburg / Bay Point line extended their service to the San Francisco-Oakland airport (SFO airport) station (at all hours of operation), but they did not continue to the end of the line at Millbrae. (Only a very few late-night Pittsburg / Bay Point trains continued on to Millbrae after stopping at the SFO airport station). During weekdays (until 7:00 pm), the trains on the Richmond line continued on to the Millbrae station, but bypassed the SFO airport station; during weeknights and weekends, trains on the Dublin / Pleasanton line continued to Millbrae, but also bypassed the SFO airport station). All of this meant that there would no longer be a direct train connection between the SFO airport and Millbrae, inconveniencing “Caltrain” passengers who wished to travel to the SFO airport. The BART management discontinued this direct rail connection, citing low ridership between Millbrae and the SFO airport. However, they did implement timed transfers at the San Bruno station for passengers who were traveling from the SFO airport to Millbrae.

With continuing budget constraints, it was necessary for BART to cut back on service beyond Daly City. As of September 14, 2009, the following changes have taken place: The Pittsburg/Bay Point line will still terminate at SFO on weekdays until 7:00 pm. After 7:00 pm, and all day on weekends and holidays, service will extend to Millbrae. The Dublin / Pleasanton line will no longer serve the extension, instead terminating at Daly City Station.

In 2008, BART announced that it would install solar power systems on the roofs of its train yards and maintenance facilities in Richmond and Hayward in addition to car ports with rooftop solar panels at its Orinda station. The board lamented not being able to install them at all stations but it stated that Orinda was the only station with enough sun for them to make money from the project.

Current system

Background

A photo of the third rails used on the BART system. Note how the third rail changes location relative to the train upon entering the station and the crossover walkway crossing the trackway. Note the walkway on the left side of the trackway in the distance, which is the emergency walkway for the aerial trackway leading into the Daly City station again, the third rail positioned opposite of this walkway.

BART comprises 104 miles (167 km) of track and 43 stations. The system uses a controversial 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad rail gauge, as opposed to the 4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge predominantly found in railroad systems in the United States. This is the only transit system in the United States using this gauge. The cars are wider than standard transit equipment, but as wide as standard gauge North American passenger cars. The down side is that all maintenance and support equipment must be custom built. Trains can achieve a centrally-controlled maximum speed of 80 mph (130 km/h) and provide a system-wide average speed of 33 mph (53 km/h) with twenty-second station stopping times (dwell times). Trains operate at a minimum length of three cars per California Public Utilities Commission guidelines to a maximum length of 10 cars, spanning the entire 700 feet (213 m) length of a platform. At its maximum length of 710 feet (216 m), BART has the longest train length of any metrorail system in the United States. The system also features car widths of 10.5 feet (3.2 m) (the same width as an Amtrak Metroliner), a maximum gradient of four percent, and a minimum curve radius of 394 feet (120 m) on the main lines .

Electric current is delivered to the trains over a third rail, the position of which alternates relative to the context of the train. Inside stations, the third rail is always on the side furthest away from the passenger platforms. This design feature eliminates the danger of a passenger either falling directly on the third rail, or stepping onto it to climb back to the platform should they fall off. On ground-level trackways, the third rail alternates from one side of the track to the other, providing breaks in the third rail to allow for emergency evacuations across trackways.

Underground tunnels, aerial structures and the Transbay Tube have evacuation walkways and passageways to allow for train evacuation without exposing passengers to easy, inadvertent contact with the third rail, which is located as far away from these walkways as possible. The voltage on the steel third rail is 1000 Volts DC, so there are notices throughout the system warning passengers of its danger. In addition, BART posts notices inside each train car warning of the third rail and the four paddle-like rail contact shoes protruding from the underside of each car by the rail wheel trucks. Other third-rail powered metro systems in the US utilize a lower voltage.

Many of the original system 1970s-era BART stations, especially the aerial stations, feature simple, Brutalist architecture.

Ridership levels

Ridership records have been set during large scale regional-in-scope events such as the San Francisco Gay Pride Parade. The records included a Sunday record of 224,500 that coincided with an Oakland A’s baseball game and a weekday record of 405,400 set on September 8, 2008, when both the San Francisco Giants and Oakland Raiders had home games. The one week record for ridership was 2,317,800 between June 23 and June 29, 2008. This broke the previous all time high of 2,301,800 achieved during a closure of the Bay Bridge. BART set an absolute one-day record of 442,000 rides on Thursday, October 29, 2009, following the closure of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge due to the failure of a structural repair.

Problems with Segways on BART

After several high-profile incidents involving Segways, including an incident where a Segway was run over by a train after falling onto the tracks, BART banned them for 45 days until they could regroup and set up a plan to mediate the issue. The consensus reached was the institution of rules similar to bicycles where the Segways would be disallowed during commute hours, except for disabled persons and that the devices could not be on or ridden past the fare gates similar to the rules for all wheeled devices such as skateboards and scooters. Furthermore a permitting system has been established requiring registration for them to be used on the system.

Routes

All routes pass through the city of Oakland, and all but the Richmond Fremont route pass through the Transbay Tube into San Francisco and beyond to Daly City. Most segments of the BART system carry trains of more than one route.

Trains regularly operate on five routes. Unlike most other rapid transit and rail systems around the world, BART lines are generally not referred to by shorthand designations. Although the lines have been colored consistently on BART system maps for more than a decade, they are only occasionally referred to officially by color names, and only rarely referred to in this way by members of the public (e.g., the “Red Line”).

Instead, the five BART lines are generally identified on maps and schedules by the names of their termini:

Fremont Daly City, following a former Western Pacific Railroad right-of-way from Fremont to Oakland, operates Mondays through Saturdays daytime to early evening.

Dublin/Pleasanton Daly City, following Interstate-580 via Castro Valley to San Leandro, where it meets the Fremont-Richmond line, continuing into San Francisco.

Pittsburg/Bay Point SFO/Millbrae, following SR 4, a former Sacramento Northern Railway right-of way, and SR 24 from Bay Point to Oakland, and extending beyond Daly City to San Francisco International Airport. On weeknights and weekends, this line turns around at the airport to continue on to Millbrae.

Richmond Daly City/Millbrae, following a former Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway right-of-way from Richmond to Berkeley, and extending beyond Daly City to Millbrae on weekdays daytime to early evening. On Saturdays, this line operates to Daly City only.

Richmond Fremont, coinciding with the Richmond Millbrae line and the Fremont Daly City line between their termini and Oakland, and operates daily.

The line from San Francisco through Daly City to Millbrae follows a former Southern Pacific railroad right-of-way, which is also served by Caltrain beyond San Bruno.

Hours of operation

The BART system consists of five lines, but most of the network consists of more than one line on the same track. Trains on each line historically ran every fifteen minutes on weekdays and twenty minutes during the evenings, weekends and holidays; however, since a given station might be served by as many as four lines, it could have service as frequently as every three to four minutes. However the system is closed for four hours every night for maintenance, reopening at 4:00 AM each morning, except for Sundays.

As of January 1, 2008, service on every line is at 15-minute intervals except for Saturdays between 6:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m., when service is at 20-minute intervals. Also, as of January 1, 2008, BART service begins around 4:00 a.m. on weekdays, 6:00 a.m. on Saturdays, and 8:00 a.m. on Sundays. Service ends every day near midnight with station closings timed to the last train at station. Two of the five lines, the Millbraeichmond and SF/Daly Cityremont lines, do not have night (after 7 p.m.) or Sunday service, but all stations remain accessible by transfer from the other lines. All-Nighter Network service is available when BART is closed. All but six BART stations are served (as well as eight Caltrain stations). BART tickets are not accepted on these buses, and each of the four bus systems charge their own fare, which can be up to .50; a four-system ride can cost as much as .50 as of 2007.

Fares

Ticket vending machines at the Powell Street Station

Fares on BART are comparable to those of commuter rail systems and are higher than those of most metros, especially for long trips. The fare is based on a formula that takes into account both the length and speed of the trip. A surcharge is added for trips traveling through the Transbay Tube, to San Francisco International Airport, or through San Mateo County, which is not a BART member. Historically and up until only recently, passengers have used refillable paper-plastic-composite tickets, on which fares are stored via a magnetic strip, to enter and exit the system (a similar magnetic strip ticketing system is used on the Washington Metro in Washington, D.C). The exit faregate prints the remaining balance on the ticket each time the passenger exits the station. A paper ticket can be refilled at a ticket machine, the remaining balance on any ticket can be applied towards the purchase of a new one, or a card is simply captured by the exit gate when the balance reaches zero; multiple low value cards can be combined to create a larger value card, but only at specific ticket exchange locations which are located at some BART stations. BART relies on unused ticket values, particularly of patrons discarding low-value cards, as a source of revenue, approximated by some to be as high as .9 million.

A standard-fare BART ticket. Notice the initial purchased fare printed parallel to the magnetic strip, and the card’s remaining balance printed on the left, updated upon each exit. Images of older tickets, a blue, new-style ticket, and other color tickets can be found here.

A stored-value smart card fare system, called the TransLink smart card, was rolled out in the fall of 2009. This program was launched to the public in fall 2006 with rollout on AC Transit, Dumbarton Express, and Golden Gate Transit lines. BART previously promoted the EZ Rider card, a pilot program using technology similar in design to the TransLink cards. Both are contactless smart cards, and contain stored value that can be used for fare payments. BART contracted with Cubic Transportation Systems to replace all the faregates with ones that have smart card readers inherently installed. The EZ Rider program is expected to last until September 2010.

The BART minimum fare of .75 is charged for trips under 6 miles (9.7 km), such as a trip between two adjacent Berkeley stations. The maximum one-way fare including all possible surcharges is .90, the 51 miles (82 km) journey between Pittsburg/Bay Point and San Francisco International Airport. The farthest possible trip, from Pittsburg/Bay Point to Millbrae, costs less because of the additional charge added to airport trips. Passengers without sufficient fare to complete their journey must use an AddFare machine to pay the remaining balance in order to exit the station. Because of the amount of the base fare, traveling between BART stations in downtown San Francisco on BART costs 25 cents less than it does to ride the city’s own light rail system, the MUNI Metro, which is generally slower in covering the same distance. However, MUNI permits around two full hours of riding, including transfers to other MUNI vehicles, whereas BART charges .75 for a single journey. There are various quirks in the fare system due to a subsidy being provided to riders traveling between some outlying stations. For example, for a trip from Dublin/Pleasanton to Fremont, it is less expensive to exit the station at the transfer point, Bay Fair, and re-enter the station, instead of staying on the platform, because you would get charged two .75 base fares instead of a .35 fare from end to end.

BART uses a system of five different color-coded tickets for regular fare, special fare, and discount fare to select groups as follows:

Blue tickets General: the most common type, includes high-value discount tickets

Red tickets Disabled Persons and children aged 4 to 12: 62.5% discount, special ID required (children under the age of 4 ride free)

Green tickets Seniors age 65 or over: 62.5% discount, proof of age required for purchase

Orange tickets Student: special, restricted-use 50% discount ticket for students age 13-18 currently enrolled in high or middle school

BART Plus special high-value ticket with ‘flash-pass’ privileges with regional transit agencies, including MUNI’s buses.

EZ Rider A new plastic smart card fare program that will eventually be replaced by the TransLink Phase II Program

EZ Rider Fare Card

Unlike most transit systems in the United States, BART does not have an unlimited ride pass available and riders must pay for each ride they take. The only discount provided to the public is a 6.25% discount when “high value tickets” are purchased with fare values of and , for prices of and respectively. Amtrak’s Capitol Corridor & San Joaquins trains sell BART tickets on-board in the caf cars for only , resulting in a 20% discount. A 62.5% discount is provided to seniors, the disabled, and children age 5 to 12. Middle and high school students 13 to 18 may obtain a 50% discount if their school participates in the BART program; however, these tickets are intended to be used only between the students’ home station and the school’s station and for transportation to and from school events. However, these intended limitations are not enforced in any way and students are expected to behave on the honor system. The tickets are only usable on weekdays, a restriction that is enforced by the fare gates. BART Plus tickets enjoy a last-ride bonus where if the remaining value is greater than $ .05, the ticket can be used one last time for a trip of any distance. Most special discounted tickets must be purchased at selected vendors and not at ticket machines. The Bart Plus tickets can be purchased at the ticket machines. In particular, the middle and high school tickets are usually sold at the schools themselves.

Family members of BART employees receive special BART passes and can ride free-of-charge upon showing their pass and photo identification to the BART station attendant. Employees of airlines that take BART to work at San Francisco International Airport receive a fare discount of 25%, but non-airline employees who do the same receive no discount.

Ticket gates with the orange triangular doors retracted for a Spare the Air Day

Fares are enforced by the station agent, who monitors activity at the fare gates adjacent to the window and at other fare gates through closed circuit television and faregate status screens located in the agent’s booth. All stations are staffed with at least one agent at all times. Despite this, fare fraud occasionally occurs, usually as a result of people entering and exiting through the emergency exit gate, which are permitted for non-emergency use by passengers with bikes, in wheelchairs, and carrying luggage. It also occurs using elevators, which in some stations lead from the ticketed area to the unticketed area.

There is little fare coordination between BART and surrounding agencies. Some agencies accept the BART Plus pass, which at a fee of between and per month, permits pass holders to use BART and connecting buses. Most notably, AC Transit dropped out of the program due to the small amount of reimbursement they received from BART. Another fare coordination program permits adult monthly pass holders of the San Francisco Municipal Railway to ride BART trains within the city of San Francisco for free (with no credit applied to trips outside the city). The city of San Francisco pays BART $ .87 for each trip taken under this arrangement. For riders who do not hold such passes, there is generally only a token discount ($ .25 to $ .50) provided to passengers transferring to and from trains to other transit modes. The Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority does honor BART transfers for a local fare credit ($ .50 to .75) towards the 120, 140, 180 and 181 trans-county express lines departing the Fremont BART station, but all riders are required to disembark in Santa Clara County. There is no credit applied when traveling towards the Fremont BART Station.

Proposals to simplify the fare structure abound. At one extreme, a flat fare that disregards distance has been proposed by BART director Joel Keller. The lesser extreme involves the implementation of a simplified structure that would create fare bands or zones. The implementation of either scheme would demote the use of distance-based fares and shift the fare-box recovery burden to the urban riders in San Francisco, Oakland and Berkeley and away from the suburban riders of East Contra Costa, Southern Alameda, and San Mateo Counties, where density is lowest, and consequently, operational cost is highest.

Connecting services

AC Transit bus stop at Bay Fair Station

BART has direct connections to two regional rail services Caltrain, which provides service between San Francisco, San Jose, and Gilroy, at the Millbrae Station, and Amtrak’s Capitol Corridor, which runs from Sacramento to San Jose, at the Richmond and Coliseum/Oakland Airport stations. A third Capitol Corridor connection at the Union City station is planned as part of a larger Dumbarton Rail Corridor Project to connect Union City, Fremont, and Newark to various peninsula destinations via the Dumbarton rail bridge. BART is the managing agency for the Capitol Corridor until 2010.

BART connects to San Francisco’s local light rail system, the Muni Metro. The upper track level of BART’s Market Street subway, originally designed for the lines to Marin County,[citation needed] was turned over to Muni and both agencies share the Embarcadero, Montgomery Street, Powell and Civic Center stations. Some Muni Metro lines connect with (or pass nearby) the BART system at the Balboa Park and Glen Park stations.

Other services connect to BART including the Emery Go Round (Emeryville), WestCAT (north-western Contra Costa County), Benicia Transit (Benicia), Union City Transit (Union City), and the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA, in Silicon Valley).

BART hosts carsharing locations at many stations, a program pioneered by City CarShare. Riders can transfer from BART and complete their journeys by car. BART has started to offer long-term airport parking through a third-party vendor at most East Bay stations. Travelers must make an on-line reservation in advance and pay the daily fee of before they can leave their cars at the BART parking lot.

Casual carpools have formed at North Berkeley station and the area around El Cerrito Del Norte station. The lots are convenient since most carpoolers use public transit back to their final destination. However, because of how BART charges for parking, passengers cannot park at most BART lots without paying a fare.

Connecting services via bus

A number of bus transit services connect to BART, which, while managed by separate agencies, are integral to the successful functioning of the system. The primary providers include the San Francisco Municipal Railway (Muni), Alameda-Contra Costa Transit (AC Transit), San Mateo County Transit District (SamTrans), Central Contra Costa Transit Authority (County Connection), and the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District (Golden Gate Transit). Until 1997, BART ran its own “BART Express” connector buses, which ran to eastern Alameda County and far eastern and western areas of Contra Costa County; these routes were later devolved to sub-regional transit agencies such as Tri-Delta Transit and the Livermore Amador Valley Transit Authority (WHEELS) or, in the case of Dublin/Pleasanton service, replaced by a full BART extension.

BART is connected to Oakland International Airport via AirBART shuttle buses, which bring travelers to and from the Coliseum/Oakland Airport BART station. These buses are operated by BART and accept exact-change BART fare cards in addition to exact change. BART also connects to the San Francisco International Airport, though in this case the train actually enters the airport directly and no shuttle is necessary, although connections are available to AirTrain for those not departing or arriving from the international terminal.

The bus service connecting the University of California, Berkeley to the Berkeley BART station was once called Humphrey Go-BART, a spoonerism of the famous actor and director Humphrey Bogart. It has since been replaced by a number of regular AC Transit bus routes and shuttle bus routes operated by the university.

Organization and management

Governance

The San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District is a special governmental agency created by the State of California consisting of Alameda County, Contra Costa County, and the City and County of San Francisco. San Mateo County, which hosts six BART stations, is not part of the BART District. It is governed by an elected Board of Directors with each of the nine directors representing a specific geographic area within the BART district. BART has its own police force.

While the district includes all of the cities and communities in its jurisdiction, some of these cities do not have stations on the BART system. This has caused tensions among property owners in cities like Livermore who pay BART taxes but must travel outside the city to receive BART service. In areas like Fremont, the majority of commuters do not commute in the direction that BART would take them (many Fremonters commute to San Jose, where there is currently no BART service). This would be alleviated with the completion of a BART-to-San Jose extension project.

However, some cities and towns are near enough to cities with BART stations that residents commute via a bus or car to the nearest BART station. Emeryville, for instance, has no BART service, but has a free shuttle service, the Emery-Go-Round, that takes passengers to the nearby MacArthur station in Oakland. Similarly, Albany does not have a BART station of its own. The city’s residents can go to either North Berkeley (in Alameda County) or El Cerrito Plaza (in Contra Costa County) stations for services. For those wishing to drive their cars to the stations instead, many BART stations offer many kinds of parking options.

Budget

In 2005, BART required nearly 0 million in funds after fares. About 37% of the costs went to maintenance, 29% to actual transportation operations, 24% to general administration, 8% to police services, and 4% to construction and engineering. In 2005, 53% of the budget was derived from fares, 32% from taxes, and 15% from other sources, including advertising, station retail space leasing, and parking fees. BART’s farebox recovery ratio of 53% is relatively high for a U.S. public transit agency operating over such long distances with high frequency (for comparison, see the article on farebox recovery).

General Manager

196? – 1975

Billy Stokes

1975 – 1978

Frank C. Herringer

1979 – 1988

Keith Bernard

1989 – 1994

Frank Wilson

1994 – 1996

Richard A. White

1996 – 2007

Tom Margro

2007 – Present

Dorothy Dugger

Chief Spokesperson

1972 – 2004

Mike Healy

2004 – present

Linton Johnson

Rolling stock

A refurbished A car interior with carpeted flooring.

Interior of a C1 car with an upgraded spray-on composite flooring.

The interior of a C2 car with carpeted flooring. A flip-up seat is visible on the left.

A Demonstration Car (modified C2 car) interior with blue vinyl flooring. This car has a designated Bike Space in the area normally reserved for passengers in wheelchairs; the front-facing seat on the left-hand side of the car has been removed to accommodate passengers with bicycles, in turn, the aisle-facing seat on the right-hand side near the operator’s cab has been removed to accommodate passengers in wheelchairs. This car also has hand straps, unlike the other BART train cars.

BART operates four types of cars, built from three separate orders, totaling 669 cars.

To run a typical peak morning commute, BART requires 579 cars. Of those, 541 are scheduled to be in active service; the other 38 are used to build up four spare trains (essential for maintaining on-time service). At any one time, the remaining 90 cars are in for repair, maintenance, or some type of planned modification work.

The A cars and the B cars were built from 1968 to 1971 by Rohr Industries, an aerospace manufacturing company which had only recently made its foray into mass-transit equipment manufacturing, touting yet untested space-age design techniques. The A cars were designed as leading or trailing cars only, with a fiberglass operator’s cab housing train control equipment and BART’s two-way communication system. The A cars are distinguished by their aerodynamic leading edge extending 5 feet (1.52 m) longer than their B- and C-car siblings. A cars can comfortably seat 72 passengers, and under crush load, 150 passengers. B cars have no operator’s cab and are used in the middle of trains to carry passengers only; B cars have the same passenger capacity as A cars. Currently, BART operates 59 A cars and 380 B cars. BART’s livery has remained effectively unchanged throughout its history.

The C cars were built by Alstom between 1987 and 1989. The C cars have a similar fiberglass operator’s cab and control and communications equipment as the A cars, but unlike A cars, do not have the aerodynamic nose design, thus allowing them to be used as middle cars as well. The dual purpose of the C cars allows faster train-size changes without having to move the train to a switching yard. C cars can comfortably seat 64 (4 seats were lost compared to the A/B cars by eliminating one row of seats to accommodate the operator cab and 4 additional seats were lost by eliminating one pair of seats next to the left-side forward door on each side to provide space for wheelchairs) and under crush load accommodate 150 passengers. The latest order, from Morrison-Knudsen (now Washington Group International), was for C2 cars, which are essentially the same as C cars, but feature an updated, third-generation interior with a blue/gray motif, in contrast to the previous blue and brown colors. The CCTV cameras on C2 cars are also triangular in shape when compared to the rectangular shape of the camera on a C1 car. C2 cars have flip-up seats near the left-side forward door to accommodate passengers in wheelchairs, and red lights on posts near the door to warn the hearing-impaired when the doors are about to close. C2 cars can comfortably seat 68 passengers (including the flip-up seats), and under crush load can carry 150 passengers. Since the purchase of C2s, the original C cars are also referred to as C1 cars. Currently, BART operates 150 C1 cars and 80 C2 cars.

In 1995, BART contracted with ADtranz (acquired by Bombardier Transportation in 2001) to refurbish and overhaul the 439 original Rohr A- and B-cars, updating the old vintage brown fabric seats to the less-toxic and easier-to-clean, light-blue polyurethane seats in use today and bringing the cars in general to the same level of interior amenities as the C2 fleet. The Rohr cars were also rebuilt with ADtranz 3-phase Alternating Current (AC) traction motors with IGBT inverters, model 1507C. The seven-year project was completed in 2002. All BART cars have upholstered seats and nearly all cars have carpeting except for some C1 and/or C2 cars. Because one of the original design goals was for all BART riders to be seated, the older cars have fewer provisions such as grab bars for standing passengers. Flip-up seats (found in C2 cars) were excluded from the refurbishment (reducing seating capacity from 72 to 68), in order to provide designated areas for luggage, wheelchairs and bicycles. Consequently, the original C (or C1) cars have the oldest interior design, as they have not been refurbished and were not purchased recently enough to have the “newer” convenience features; for example, they lack vertical grab bars in the middle of the car and do not have the in-post red lights to warn of closing doors. However, the carpeted flooring in most of the C1 cars was replaced with an experimental spray-on composite flooring after passengers complained that the cars were unclean.

The A, B, and C cars were all given 3-digit numbers originally, but when refurbished 1000 was added to the number of each individual A/B car (e.g. car 633 would become 1633). The C2 cars are numbered in the 2500 series; the C/C1 cars still have 3-digit numbers.

Prior to rebuilding, the Direct Current (DC) traction motors used on the 439 Rohr BART cars were built by Westinghouse, the same company that also built the automatic train control system for BART. The Westinghouse traction motors are model 1463 with chopper controls. The Westinghouse DC motors are still in use on the Alstom C (C1) and Morrison-Knudsen C2 cars. The motors that were pulled from the Rohr cars during rehabilitation were retained as spare motors for use on the C1 and C2 cars. Other undercar systems also built by Westinghouse on the 439 Rohr BART cars before rehabilitation were the auxiliary power box, the hydraulic pumps for the brakes, the air suspension, and the brake control systems (which were part of the propulsion logic cradle that was mounted in the chopper control semiconductor box). The HVAC system on the Rohr BART cars before rehabilitation were built by Thermo King, when it was a subsidiary of Westinghouse (Thermo King is now a subsidiary of Ingersoll-Rand). The current HVAC systems on the rehabbed Rohr-built Gen 1 cars were built by Westcode.

Comparison with other rail transit systems

Main article: Rapid Transit

BART, like other transit systems of the same era, endeavored to connect outlying suburbs with job centers in Oakland and San Francisco by building out lines that paralleled established commute routes of the region’s freeway system. The majority of BART’s service area, as measured by percentage of system length, consists of low-density suburbs. Unlike the New York City Subway or the London Underground, individual BART lines were not designed to provide frequent local service, as evidenced by the system’s current maximum achievable headway of 13.33 minutes per line through the quadruple interlined section. Muni provides local light-rail and subway service within San Francisco city limits and runs with smaller headways than does BART. BART could in many ways be characterized as a “commuter subway,” since it has many characteristics of a commuter rail system, including lengthy lines that extend to the far reaches of suburbia with significant distances between most adjacent stations. However, in the urban areas of San Francisco and downtown Oakland, multiple lines converge, and BART takes on the characteristics of an urban subway, including short headways and transfer opportunities to other lines.

BART could be considered to be more similar to a regional commuter rail service, such as the Berlin S-Bahn or the Paris RER. However, BART also possesses all the qualities and services of a metro system, including electrified third-rail propulsion, exclusive grade-separated right-of-way, frequent headways in its urban service areas, and pre-paid fare card access. Urban stations are as close as one-half mile (800 m) apart and have combined two and one-half to five-minute service intervals at peak times. These factors contribute to the consideration of BART as a hybrid metro-commuter system, functioning as a metrorail system in the central business districts of San Francisco, Oakland, and Berkeley, and as commuter rail in the region’s suburban areas.

Future stock

A computer graphics rendering of what the new BART car will look like.

To speed up service, BART is preparing to introduce new, three-door cars. BART plans to start purchasing new cars in 2010, when it will have paid off other capital debt for track and car work, with the first 10 pilot cars arriving for testing in 2014. The order will consist of 200 base cars with two additional option orders of 250 cars each for a total of 700 cars to completely replace the original fleet. All 700 cars are to arrive by 2024. There are also two additional options, one for general fleet expansion, and the other for the San Jose extension, with 150 cars each. If all options are exercised, the total number of new BART cars will be 1000 cars.

Future expansion and extension

Main article: Bay Area Rapid Transit expansion

Expansion projects for the Bay Area Rapid Transit have existed ever since the opening of the project. These projects include the Warm Springs extension, the San Jose extension, the Oakland Airport Connector, eBART, ‘tBART’: I-580/Tri-Valley Corridor, ‘wBART’: I-80/West Contra Costa Corridor, and numerous infill stations along the route.

See also

San Francisco Bay Area portal

List of Bay Area Rapid Transit stations

List of rapid transit systems

List of United States rapid transit systems by ridership

List of California railroads

Notes

^ a b “Quarterly Weekday Average Exits” (PDF). San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. http://www.bart.gov/docs/station_exits_quarterly.pdf. Retrieved 2008-11-05. 

^ a b “History of BART (1946-1972)”. BART. http://www.bart.gov/about/history/history_1.asp. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ See BART Composite Report, prepared by Parsons Brinkerhof Tutor Bechtel, 1962

^ “BART- Not a Moment Too Soon”. Los Angeles Times. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/684558862.html?dids=684558862:684558862&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Sep+13,+1972&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=BART—Not+a+Moment+Too+Soon&pqatl=google. Retrieved 2009-08-22. 

^ “BART First in Operation: 2nd great subway boom under way in many cities”. The Bulletin. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=3qgSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=g_cDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3354,4929895&dq=bart. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ “Safe Automated BART Train Controls Doubted”. Los Angeles Times. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/660715472.html?dids=660715472:660715472&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Nov+15,+1972&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=Safe+Automated+BART+Train+Controls+Doubted&pqatl=google. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ “BART Manager Denies System Was Overcharged by Designers”. Los Angeles Times. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/660721622.html?dids=660721622:660721622&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Nov+16,+1972&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=BART+Manager+Denies+System+Was+Overcharged+by+Designers&pqatl=google. Retrieved 2009-08-22. 

^ “BART Earthquake Safety Program”. BART. http://www.bart.gov/about/projects/earthquakesafety.asp. Retrieved 2006-05-08. 

^ Michael Cabanatuan (November 19, 2005). “Underground, but not unconnected — BART offers wireless service to riders”. San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2005/11/19/MNGF2FR6C11.DTL. Retrieved 2007-01-22. 

^ Underground cell phone coverage on BART expands, BART, July 21, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-18.

^ BART expands wireless access to Transbay Tube, BART, December 21, 2009. Retrieved 2009-12-21.

^ WiFi Rail Inc. to provide wifi access on BART system. BART. February 2009. http://www.bart.gov/news/articles/2009/news20090202.aspx. Retrieved 2009-02-02. 

^ WiFi Rail Tube Access. KRON 4. June 2009. http://www.wifirail.net/clips/kron4.com_061809.mov. Retrieved 2009-06-18. 

^ “BART bond might make ballot in fall”. Oakland Tribunal. http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=OKTB&p_theme=oktb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F99357E1F56EF7F&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ Gordon, Rachel (2007-04-11). “Head of BART plans to resign”. San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/04/11/BAGKMP6G331.DTL. Retrieved 2007-10-26. 

^ Cuff, Denis (2007-05-29). “BART board wants to lessen waits”. Contra Costa Times. http://groups.yahoo.com/group/BATN/message/35220. Retrieved 2007-10-26. 

^ “Good move by BART”. Contra Costa Times. 2007-10-01. http://www.contracostatimes.com/opinion/ci_7051537. Retrieved 2007-10-26. 

^ Metz, Adam (2007-06-19). “BART’s “customer response” to Blogger Emails doesn’t answer ?’s”. The Oakland Review. http://oaklandreview.vox.com/library/post/barts-customer-response-to-blogger-emails-doesnt-answer-s.html. Retrieved 2007-10-26. 

^ “MTC — Services — Translink”. MTC Website. 2007-09-14. http://www.mtc.ca.gov/services/translink/. Retrieved 2008-01-16. 

^ “TransLink passes all BART tests, ready for summertime launch”. BART website. 2009-05-08. http://www.bart.gov/news/articles/2009/news20090325.aspx. Retrieved 2010-01-31. 

^ Cabanatuan, Michael (2007-06-22). “BART’S New Vision: More, Bigger, Faster”. San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2007/06/22/MNGJQQJVSD1.DTL. Retrieved 2007-10-26. 

^ a b BART goes solar at Orinda station, by Dennis Cuff, Contra Costa Times, July 10, 2008, access date July 13, 2008

^ “BART System Facts”. San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District. http://www.bart.gov/about/history/systemFacts.asp. Retrieved 2008-04-23. 

^ “BART Train length”. Google Groups: ba.transportation. July 3, 2000. http://groups.google.com/group/ba.transportation/browse_frm/thread/2b50a587214ace23/5be1c19d04ad4b06. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ Paul Garbutt (1997). “Facts and Figures”. World Metro Systems. Capital Transport. pp. 130131. ISBN 1854141910. 

^ “BART – Car types”. BART. http://www.bart.gov/about/history/cars.aspx. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ “BART: Passenger Panic Worsened Tunnel Fire”. CBS. http://cbs5.com/local/BART.evacuation.fire.2.441245.html. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ a b Pride parade helps set BART ridership records, BART News, July 1, 2008 access date August 18, 2008

^ a b 09.09.2008 BART sets ridership record with Monday’s sports events

^ 11.01.2009 BART customers continue to set ridership records

^ a b c Pilot program approved for Segway use on BART, BART News, August 15, 2008, accessed August 18, 2008

^ “BART to run on Sunday schedule Christmas Day”. BART. December 21, 2006. http://www.bart.gov/news/press/news20061221a.asp. Retrieved 2007-01-22. 

^ “Why doesn’t BART run 24 hours?”. BART. http://www.bart.gov/guide/latenight.aspx. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ “BART – Overview”. BART. http://www.bart.gov/guide/index.aspx. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ “BART Service Hours, Holiday Schedule”. BART. http://www.bart.gov/guide/overview/hours.asp. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ “All Nighter Bus Service”. 511 SF Bay Area Travel Guide. http://transit.511.org/providers/night.asp. Retrieved 2007-05-17. 

^ “BART Unveils Modern Fare Gates and New Ticket Vending Machines”. Business Wire. http://www.thefreelibrary.com/BART+Unveils+Modern+Fare+Gates+and+New+Ticket+Vending+Machines-a092914818. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ “BART ticket refunds and exchanges”. BART. http://www.bart.gov/tickets/sales/refunds.asp. Retrieved 2007-01-22. [

^ Jon Carroll (December 6, 2000). "Tiny Tickets Ha Ha Ha Ha". The San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2000/12/06/DD140623.DTL. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ "TransLink on BART". TransLink. http://www.translink.org/TranslinkWeb/bart/index.do;jsessionid=xiN0e+gtNElOU777mW-I2Q**. Retrieved 2009-12-18. 

^ Andrew F. Hamm (January 6, 2006). "TransLink program again tries to unify Bay Area transit fares". Silicon Valley/San Jose Business Journal. http://www.bizjournals.com/eastbay/othercities/sanjose/stories/2006/01/09/story6.html. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ "TransLink where can I use TransLink?". TransLink. http://www.translink.org/whereCanIuseTranslink.do. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ "Press Release: Cubic Receives Million Contract to Link BART To San Francisco Bay Area's Regional Smart Card Program". Cubic Transportation Systems, Inc. 2004-02-24. http://www.cubic.com/cts/PressReleases/Feb24-2004.htm. Retrieved 2008-01-16. 

^ "BART Translink Transition Plan". BART. 2009-08-12. http://apps.mtc.ca.gov/meeting_packet_documents/agenda_1342/BART_TL_Transition_Plan.pdf. Retrieved 2009-12-18. 

^ "QuickPlanner >> Results between Downtown Berkeley and North Berkeley". BART. http://bart.gov/stations/quickplanner/schedule.asp?origin=BRK&format=quick&destination=NBRK&trip_mode=undefined&time_mode=departs&depart_month=6&depart_date=12&return_page=/index.asp&depart_time=2:30+PM&new=yes&dhtml=true. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ "QuickPlanner >> Results between Pittsburg/Bay Point and SFO". BART. http://bart.gov/stations/quickplanner/schedule.asp?origin=BAYPT&format=quick&destination=SFIA&trip_mode=undefined&time_mode=departs&depart_month=12&depart_date=5&return_page=/index.asp&depart_time=2:30+PM&new=yes&dhtml=true. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ "BART Ticket Types". BART. http://bart.gov/tickets/types/types.asp. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ (PDF) Capitol Corridor Ride Guide. The Capitol Corridor. http://www.capitolcorridor.org/included/docs/ccjpa/ride_guide.pdf. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ "The Capitol Corridor: BART Connections". The Capitol Corridor. http://www.capitolcorridor.org/schedules/transit_connections/BART_connections.php. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ (PDF) Short range transit plan & capital improvement program (FY06 through FY15). BART. November 2005. http://www.bart.gov/docs/Draft_FY06_SRTP_CIP.pdf. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ "Today free lecture: fare idea falls flat". Inside Bay Area. September 19, 2006. http://www.ibabuzz.com/transportation/2006/09/19/todays-free-lecture-fare-idea-falls-flat. Retrieved 2007-01-22. 

^ "Dumbarton Rail Corridor". San Mateo County Transit Authority. http://www.smcta.com/Dumbarton_Rail/information.asp. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ "BART again selected as managing agency for Capitol Corridor". BART. February 28, 2005. http://www.bart.gov/news/press/news20050228.asp. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ "Long-Term Parking for Travelers". BART. http://www.bart.gov/guide/parking/longterm.asp. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ "Bart Express Connecting Bus Service". ALL-Transit.com. http://www.all-transit.com/rosters/bart-r-2.htm. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ "BART Board Acts On Oakland Airport Connector". BART. http://www.bart.gov/news/articles/2009/news20090427.aspx. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ "Myths, gods, and titanic disasters: How servers really get their names". IT World. http://www.itworld.com/offbeat/63716/myths-gods-and-titanic-disasters-how-servers-really-get-their-names?page=0,3. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ "BART Police". BART. http://www.bart.gov/about/police/. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ "BART's Livermore role reviewed". Contra Costa Times. http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=CC&s_site=contracostatimes&p_multi=CC&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=1064A15771213A81&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ "BART parking overview". BART. http://bart.gov/guide/parking/overview.asp. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ (PDF) BART 2005 Annual Report. http://www.bart.gov/docs/AR2005.pdf.  (TXT) BART 2005 Annual Report. BART.gov. http://www.bart.gov/docs/AR2005.txt. Retrieved 2007-01-07. 

^ ""Why can't the trains be longer?" Some background to explain". BART. 2008-09-25. http://www.bart.gov/news/articles/2008/news20080924a.aspx. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ "FY08 Short Range Transit Plan and Capital Improvement Program" (PDF). BART. September 2007. http://www.bart.gov/docs/FINAL_FY08_SRTP_CIP.pdf. Retrieved 2007-11-11. 

^ "BART Car ills". San Jose Mercury News. http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=SJ&s_site=mercurynews&p_multi=SJ&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB731C25CCAA9D1&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ "BART Renovation Program Nearing Completion". Business Wire. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-26087660_ITM. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ Westcode

^ W. S. Homburger. "The impact of a new rapid transit system on traffic on parallel highway facilities". 1029-0354, Volume 4, Issue 3 (Transportation Planning and Technology). http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/ftinterface?content=a773502237&rt=0&format=pdf. Retrieved 2009-08-24. 

^ "Glossary of Transit Terminology". American Public Transportation Association. http://www.apta.com/research/info/online/glossary.cfm. Retrieved 2008-02-27. 

^ "Passenger Rail Issues". East Bay Bicycle Coalition. http://www.ebbc.org/rail/sjx.html. Retrieved 2007-01-22. 

^ "Rapid transit". Merriam-Webster. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rapid transit. Retrieved 2008-02-27. ; "Metro". International Association of Public Transport. http://www.uitp.org/Public-Transport/metro/index.cfm. Retrieved 2008-02-27. 

^ "BART plans on .4B for new cars". ABC News. http://abclocal.go.com/kgo/story?section=resources/traffic&id=6800819. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ "Official BART information on new car purchase project". BART. http://bart.gov/about/projects/cars/index.aspx. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

^ "Green Beat: BART Cars To Receive Overdue Upgrade". CBS. http://cbs5.com/environment/bart.future.upgrade.2.774054.html. Retrieved 2009-08-21. 

^ "BART opens bids on project, moves a step closer to Silicon Valley". Silicon Valley/San Jose Business Journal. http://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/stories/2009/03/09/newscolumn1.html?b=1236571200^1789847. Retrieved 2009-08-23. 

References

BART: a study of problems of rail transit. California. Legislature. Assembly. Committee on Transportation. 1973. 

Richard Grefe (1976). A history of the key decisions in the development of Bay Area Rapid Transit. National Technical Information Service. 

E. Gareth Hoachlander (1976). Bay Area Rapid Transit: who pays and who benefits?. University of California. 

Further reading

Owen, Wilfred (1966). The metropolitan transportation problem. Anchor Books. 

Cervero, Robert (1998). The transit metropolis: a global inquiry. Island Press. ISBN 1559635916. 

University of California (1966). The San Francisco Bay area: its problems and future, Volume 2. University of California. 

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: BART

BART - official website

Engineering Geology of the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) System, 1964-75

BART Map/Schedule Map/Schedule using Google Maps API

BART widget, a self-contained trip planner for Mac OS X Dashboard

BARTsmart Another BART Widget, featuring BART schedules and news

Map of BART and rail network in simplified diagrammatic, rather than geographically accurate

iSubwayMaps.com iPod, alternative predating official BART offering (map only)

Typographica BART Wayfinding October 8, 2005 article about typography of BART signage

Shuttles serving BART stations at 511.org

Pictures of BART on world.nycsubway.org

Network map (real-distance)

 

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Bay Area Rapid Transit

Current lines

     Richmondillbrae       Fremontaly City       Richmondremont       Pittsburg/Bay PointFO/Millbrae       Dublin/Pleasantonaly City  AirBART

Stations

Alameda County

Ashby  Bay Fair  Castro Valley  Downtown Berkeley  Dublin/Pleasanton  Fremont  Hayward  North Berkeley  San Leandro  South Hayward  Union City  Warm Springs  West Dublin/Pleasanton

Contra Costa County

Concord  El Cerrito del Norte  El Cerrito Plaza  Lafayette  North Concord/Martinez  Orinda  Pittsburg/Bay Point  Pleasant Hill  Richmond  Walnut Creek

Oakland

19th Street/Oakland  Fruitvale  Lake Merritt  MacArthur  Oakland City Center/12th Street  Coliseum/Oakland Airport  Rockridge  West Oakland

San Francisco

16th Street Mission  24th Street Mission  Balboa Park  Civic Center  Embarcadero  Glen Park  Montgomery Street  Powell Street

San Mateo County

Colma  Daly City  Millbrae  San Bruno  San Francisco International Airport  South San Francisco

System features

Transbay Tube Market Street Subway

Connecting buses

AC Transit Amtrak Thruway Bus Services Bear Benicia Breeze County Connection Dumbarton Express East Bay Paratransit Emery Go Round Fairfield/Suisun Golden Gate Greyhound MAX Delta Breeze Muni SamTrans SMART Solano Express Tri-Delta Union City VTA Vallejo WestCAT WHEELS

Connecting rail services

Amtrak Amtrak California Caltrain Capitol Corridor Muni Metro

Board of Directors

District 1 Gail Murray (President) District 2 Joel Keller District 3 Bob Franklin District 4 Carole Ward Allen District 5 Zoyd Luce District 6 Thomas Blalock District 7 Lynette Sweet District 8 James Fang District 9 Tom Radulovich

Miscellaneous

BART history BART expansion

Category

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Public transit in the San Francisco Bay Area

Rail

SFO AirTrain  Altamont Commuter Express  BART  Berkeley Branch Railroad  California Zephyr  Caltrain SF-San Jos  Capitol Corridor Sacramento-San Jos  Coast Starlight Seattle-L.A.  East Bay Electric Lines  E&SR Richmond  Key System  Muni Metro Market Street Subway & Cable cars San Francisco  NVRR Napa  NCRy Sunol  NPC West Marin  Ocean Shore Railroad western peninsula coast  SF&NP Sonoma County  San Joaquins Oakland-Bakersfield  SMART Marin, Sonoma^  VTA light rail Silicon Valley

Ferry

Alameda Harbor Bay Ferry  Alameda/Oakland Ferry  Angel Island Tiburon Ferry  Baylink Ferry  Blue & Gold Fleet  Golden Gate Ferry  Richmond Ferry  Richmond-San Rafael Ferry Company  Hercules Ferry  South San Francisco Ferry

Bus

AC Transit Western Alameda/Contra Costa Counties  AirBART Oakland Airport/Oakland Coliseum  The Duck American Canyon  Benicia Breeze  Bear Transit UC Berkeley  Burlingame Shuttle  Calistoga Handy Van Calistoga  Cloverdale Transit  County Connection Central Contra Costa County  Dumbarton Express  Emery-Go-Round  Fairfield and Suisun Transit  Golden Gate Transit Marin/Sonoma Counties  Healdsburg Transit  Highway 17 Express  Lake Transit Lake County  Manteca Transit  Marin Transit Western Marin County  Mendocino Transit Authority  MAX Modesto  Monterey-Salinas Transit Monterey County  Muni San Francisco  Petaluma Transit  Rio Vista Delta Breeze  RT Sacramento County  SamTrans San Mateo County  San Benito Transit San Benito County  SMART San Joaquin County  Santa Cruz...

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Topsgrup Acquires 51% Majority Stake in a Usd 140 Million British Security Company – ‘the Shield Guarding Company Limited’

In the first ever overseas acquisition by an Indian securitycompany, TOPSGRUP with a market capitalization of Rs 1000 crores (07-08) hasacquired a 51% majority stake in UK’s leading security service provider ‘TheShield Guarding Company Ltd’ for an all cash deal of Rs 125 crores.

According to Dr.Diwan Rahul Nanda, Global Chairman & Managing Director, TOPSGRUP, “Shield’s acquisition in the United Kingdomwill act as a strategic gateway for our global growth plans in the comingyears. Shield with its great business ethics coupled with a strong managementteam and a loyal customer base has great synergies with TOPSGRUP. We envisage alot of cost and experience sharing benefits across both companies that willbenefit the Indian and the British customers and employees as well. This is a proudmoment not only for TOPSGRUP but for the entire Indian security industry”

Currently, TOPSGRUP is India’spreferred security solutions provider with a human capital base of 65,000employees partnering with over 6,000 customers through its pan India networkof 110 offices. TOPSGRUP through its aggressive organic and inorganic growthdrive is poised to achieve revenues in excess of Rs 1000 crores by the end of thecurrent fiscal. Very recently, TOPSGRUP also acquired a Rs 35 crore SouthIndian security company called Guardwell Detective Services Private Limited.Some of TOPSGRUP’s key partners include Tatas,Birlas, Reliance, Airtel, Oracle, HSBC, Stanchart, ICICI, Future group amongstothers

The Shield Guarding Company Ltd, one of the top 10 marketleaders in United Kingdomwas established in 1987 and has an esteemed clientele spanning from WaltDisney, Fujitsu, Nokia / Vertu, Master Foods, Broadgate Estates, Ove Arup,Halliburton KBR, Porsche amongst many others. The British firm offers specializedsecurity services in the areas of manned guarding, door supervision, CCTVpublic space surveillance, vehicle immobilization and cash in transit. Shieldcurrently partners with over 350 customers, employs over 2500 human capitalassets and operates out of four offices in the United Kingdom.

According to GerryPaxton, Executive Chairman of Shield, “thestrategic partnership of two nationally leading security brands augurs well forthe rapidly growing global security industry which is estimated to cross the US 0 billion mark by2015. Shield is known for its business values, its focus on quality of serviceand commitment to the customers and its employees and we are delighted that wehave found a perfect match in TOPSGRUP”.Shield promoted by Gerald Paxton recorded a turnover of US$ 121 million (Rs484 crores) and a profit before taxation of US$ 4.5 million (Rs 18 crores) forthe year 2007-2008. It is poised to achieve revenues in excess of US 0 million(Rs 560 crores) in 2008-2009.

TOPSGRUP, the first Indian MNC security provider offerstailor-made security solutions including manned guarding, electronic securitysystems, investigation, facility management, cash management, consultancy,advanced training and emergency response service called TOPSLINE 1252. TopsSecurity Limited, the flagship company of Topsgrup, holds the distinction ofbeing the first security firm in India to land private equityfunding in 2007. Last year, ICICI Venture invested Rs 115 crore ( million)for 13.69 per cent equity stake, while Indivision (the investment arm of FutureGroup) increased its existing stake in the company from 4.94 per cent to 7.08per cent with an additional investment of Rs 25 crore ( million) taking itstotal exposure in TOPSGRUP at Rs 57 crore. Well known stock investor RakeshJhunjhunwala also owns 10.8 per cent stake in Tops and is a director on the prestigiousboard.

Closer home, the security industry,which is being termed as the ‘sunrise industry’ in the corporate sector; isestimated to be Rs 2,500 crores, fragmented by the unorganized sector at Rs 1500crore. It is growing at a staggering compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 25per cent, and is expected to be a dominating sector in the coming years. Thesecurity industry worldwide is currently pegged at 1 billion that includesguarding, investigation and electronic security.

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Mystery unveiled 51 new LCD TV inventory-LED, LCD, new products – Network Appliance Industry-hc360 HC

2010 , LED

LCD TV

China ushered in a large area of blowout growth has no suspense, this will be the prominent highlights of this year’s color TV market. Major companies have in the first quarter of 2010 introduced its new LED LCD TV to meet the “five? A” Golden Week, LED LCD battle will be staged.

Philips Ambilight TV 52/46/42PFL8605D 8 Series

Learned that Philips will launch Ambilight in the May 1 Golden Week 8 Series LCD TV, most new series of LCD TV, Ambilight 8 series follows the previous design, with the revolution from the inside out of change, and here’s to reveal the mystery of Philips 8 series.

Philips Ambilight TV Series 8

Click here to view all news photos

Appearance, with a more dynamic thin-hyun more stylish fashion designs, borders slim, streamlined shape and the corners of dynamic arc design embodies elegant fashion taste, 2 cm wide and thin frame give the feeling of refinement, combined with ultra- Thin design was fresh and new visual, decorative fashion

Home

Atmosphere. Hidden bottom speakers, does not undermine the overall design and structured output, power surging sound.

Ambilight, Philips unique “Ambilight” technology by hiding in the TV backlight behind the unique system to television screen with different images change color and intensity of light, and always maintain the TV white field output of 10%. Not only for the eyes when watching the soft light to create the environment, reduce the TV screen contrast with the surrounding environment to reduce visual fatigue. As the lighting effects while moving with the TV screen, but also increased the sense of the whole picture extension, gives you a real cinema-like aesthetic viewing experience. You in a comfortable visual environment, enjoy the theater-level visual effects.

Performance, ultra-thin Symphony of LED technology, more advanced LED backlighting, higher dynamic contrast ratio, so that it better

Energy

Of 40%. The use of technology by point clear, powerful computing capability and excellent image processing capabilities to enable high-definition motion pictures more clear and smooth. 8 series of screens with the mainstream of 1

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x1080, to full HD 1080p resolution, the highest definition format, the screen refresh rate up to 120H, significantly reduce the tailing phenomenon, whether large or watching action sports, the performance of high-definition picture clarity and smooth motion. While 8 series cable digital TV, no cable set-top box can watch digital TV. Sense of five-dimensional super-intelligent Li as function of the signal adjusted according to picture brightness, color, contrast, image format, noise reduction to the optimal settings, while the external light intensity can adjust the screen brightness automatically easy to use, at any time watching the best picture mode . Super Jiexiang function merits of the input signal to adjust the focus of picture processing, automatically adjust the signal to avoid over-treatment. Peer support 1080P (HDMI), HDMI connection through the computer, support 1080P point, the best quality, high-definition display screen is not distorted.

Editor Comments: The New Philips always played with a sense of mystery, this is no exception, on the whole, 8 Series in terms of appearance or function of products than before with a qualitative leap. It is understood that before and after the 8 series will be launched in 51, is worth the wait.

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The Sodom Of The New World Of Smatt Story

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The Sodom Of The New World Of Smatt Story

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The Sodom Of The New World Of Smatt Story

By: Roy T

About the Author

Information on smatt’s, Smatt Story smatt, smatts, black jack smatt, can be found at the www.blackjacksmatt.com.

(ArticlesBase SC #821996)

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/ – The Sodom Of The New World Of Smatt Story

Black Jack Smatt
(Merchant Trader/Pirate circa 1660)

Port Royal was synonymous with the word Pirate as a result of its gaudy displays of wealth, anarchy and loose morals. The city was renowned to be The Wickedest City on Earth and The Sodom of the New World as its population consisted of cutthroats, harlots and pirates. It was a popular place for British and European backed privateers to spend their treasure amid the 17th century. After governments abandoned issuing letters of marque against Spanish treasure fleets, a number of privateers made the transition to pirate and used the city as their mainstay. Pirates from around the world soon swarmed to Port Royal from afar, including Jack Smatt.

Black Jack Smatt, as he soon became known, arrived on the Island around 1660 in order to take advantage of the booming merchant trading between Europe and the New World. As the sands of time shifted, Black Jack grew restless with his conventional labourings and pursued the more lucrative act of privateering – the warranted attack on enemy ships. His unrivalled excellences in this industry and hunger for true greatness eventually lead him to piracy.

He was well-known as a rum drinker, a womaniser and a rogue spirit. One of his most infamous endeavors was plundering a large Spanish galleon, sailing out of Panama, originally sent from Madrid to protect the Spanish Maine. It was apparently a massive ship of around 200 tonnes and overflowing with treasure. Although Smatt’s holds were already full, the allure of more was too great. It is said that as the pirates drew near to the Spanish ship, it signaled for surrender, however, it was cunningly braced for battle. As Smatt approached, the merchant vessel fired its cannons, yet due to good fortune a sudden gust of wind caused the shot to miss. Allegedly it was at this instance that Smatt’s crew used their grappling hooks and pulled the ships together. The pirates promptly boarded the ship and Black Jack Smatt commandeered one of the largest treasure hauls of the era.

Soon after this, he exploited the absence of the Crown’s rum rationing rules, using rum to win over his crew and as bounty aboard his ship. The popularity of rum was so great that any scarcity of it could lead to rebellion on pirate ships. The thirst for rum seemed unquenchable and many ships plundered as its crews were too drunk to control them. Rum became an intrinsic piece of the most prosperous pirating age- “The Golden Era” of 1650 – 1740, and Smatt had found the jewel of Jamaican Rum, his own special blend, created from a blend of rums from the finest distilleries in Jamaica of the time. It was said embody the free spirit that was Black Jack Smatt. The story that was rumoured amongst other pirates who were fortunate to get their hands on some was that if drunk, would bring them the luck and good fortune of Black Jack himself.

After an earthquake destroyed Port Royal in 1692, Black Jack Smatt disappeared along with many other inhabitants of the city. Legend is that the earthquake was an act of God resulting from the city’s sinful reputation. Descendents of Black Jack Smatt still live in Jamaica continuing to make their living from the sea.

Retrieved from “http://www.articlesbase.com/art-and-entertainment-articles/the-sodom-of-the-new-world-of-smatt-story-821996.html”

(ArticlesBase SC #821996)

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Information on smatt’s, Smatt Story smatt, smatts, black jack smatt, can be found at the www.blackjacksmatt.com.

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Home Page > Finance > Personal Finance > Why it could pay to be poor when it comes to paying for school fees

Why it could pay to be poor when it comes to paying for school fees

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Why it could pay to be poor when it comes to paying for school fees

By: Steven White

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(ArticlesBase SC #1172602)

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/ – Why it could pay to be poor when it comes to paying for school fees

“Are you a charity case when it comes to school fees?” asks Jane white, co-founder of school fees advisory site www.allaboutschoolfees.com  Your first thought is, “probably not”, but it might pay you to think again, she says.

Recent tightening of the regulations surrounding private schools’ charitable status means they need to pass certain tests to retain their charitable status.  These tests include ensuring their facilities are reasonably accessible to the local public and that they are taking pupils from a range of financial backgrounds.  What this means varies from area to area, depending of the demographics of the schools neighbourhood.  It may be that you qualify by dint of being comparatively less wealthy than other prospective parents, or that you qualify for a bursary or discount another way.  “Many Schools offer a tremendous range of assistance with school fees, but you need to go hunting for them”, says Jane.  Qualifying criteria range from being in the Armed Forces to membership of the Freemasons or even simply being the child of a parent who attended the school.

 “What is important is that you contact to school to see what assistance is available.  There is no shame is claiming what you are entitled to, and you’ll be doing the school a favour; they need to make these awards to help maintain their charitable status, and we predict will be making more of them over the next few years.  The happy reality is that you may qualify for some kind of assistance.  It could pay to be poor!”

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The new official video from Freemasons, featuring Wynter Gordon. The video was shot in LA. Believer is set for release 21st of November. The release will include fantastic mixes from TV Rock, Brett Allen & John Voltaire as well Loaded Records debut-er Sonny Wharton. www.facebook.com www.myspace.com www.freemasonsmusic.net
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Apple 3g I Phone For Whole New World of Applications

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Apple 3g I Phone For Whole New World of Applications

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Apple 3g I Phone For Whole New World of Applications

By: Fuizy Martin

About the Author

Fuizy Martin is a well known writer. She has written many articles on bluetooth mobile, laptops, nokia mobiles, Apple 3g iPhone, digital camera and so on.

(ArticlesBase SC #1045109)

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/ – Apple 3g I Phone For Whole New World of Applications

I phone is not just a phone. This I phone involves three major devices in one: a revolutionary mobile phone, a large and wide screen iPod, and highly connective Internet device.

These phones are better named as revolutionary because they are loaded with multi-touch interface. Make a call just by tapping on the number or contact and visual voicemail enables to listen to the messages in whatever order the user wants.

The large screen of Apple 3G I phone makes it possible to visualize the contents-music, movies and TV shows as if they are all real. In fact scrolling is also made easier through this large screen. Make your finger touch and select the album you want to select.

I phone is a medium to use fastest 3G technology and Wi-Fi wireless connection to deliver rich HTML email, Maps with GPS and Safari- the latest web browser on a mobile phone. One can send emails through Wi-Fi or 3G and simultaneously talk to the desired person on phone. Certainly this Apple 3G I phone facilitates a lot of functions at one go.

Come and discover the whole new world of applications by choosing amongst thousands of applications and download them with a small tap. Think of an activity and that is available on your I phone. You can play all possible wild and refined games, get all sorts of information and make yourself a walking encyclopedia with regular Internet browsing.

Explore yourself and your world all around. Make yourself productive in terms of knowledge and guidance. Know about the latest happenings all over the world as soon as they occur through this lean and sleek tech-wizard.

Discover new restaurants with their locations at any point of time to go and visit them anytime.

The touch display makes your soft fingers work without any effort to sync your phone with computer. It is its Multi-touch display, intelligent keyboard and smart sensors, Apple 3G I phone have made a revolutionary debut which is years ahead of other mobile phones.

Its GPS power Maps application helps in finding out locations and get directions of the places of your choice within a few seconds. Log on to themobilestore to gather all possible knowledge and purchase this Apple 3G I phone.

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(ArticlesBase SC #1045109)

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Fuizy Martin is a well known writer. She has written many articles on bluetooth mobile, laptops, nokia mobiles, Apple 3g iPhone, digital camera and so on.

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Obesity And The Marshmallow Conspiracy

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Home Page > Health > Obesity And The Marshmallow Conspiracy

Obesity And The Marshmallow Conspiracy

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Obesity And The Marshmallow Conspiracy

By: Paul Blake

About the Author

Paul Blake is a doctor of herbal medicine and a master herbalist. He used naturopathic medicine to treat his own case of cancer eighteen years ago. Visit Paul’s website on Herbal Remedies, Natural Healing Herbs for more interesting information on improving your health.

(ArticlesBase SC #1024460)

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/ – Obesity And The Marshmallow Conspiracy

I remember when a marshmallow was a marshmallow, do you? Have you tried to roast a marshmallow lately, good luck? What has happened to the good old marshmallow? The same thing that has happened to most of our food. When we were not paying any attention they took the marshmallow out of marshmallows but kept the price moving gradually upward. What is in the marshmallow today? Artificial color, artificial flavor, corn syrup, dextrose, gelatin (cow hooves), modified corn starch, sugar and tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sounds like a gut bomb to me. It still looks like a marshmallow and they still call it a marshmallow but it is obviously not. This kind of slow changing of ingredients has gone on throughout the food industry; it reminds me of the Trojan horse. The food industry’s major concern is shelf life and marketing a lot of their junk to us, not what happens after we eat the stuff. Now suddenly everyone is noticing that gee, we have an obesity epidemic (1/3 of the country obese) and a whole lot of other epidemics. Medical science’s weak answer to the obesity epidemic is genetics, so they can research it and make more drugs. But wait a minute, how does the genetics of an entire country change in a matter of years? I am sure that your doctor cares, but does the medical industry care? Why should they care; more sick people means more money into their industry. Many people I have talked to blame the obese person saying “they eat too much and they are lazy”. One third of the country and growing, I don’t think so.

Through the food industry, our food is subjected to poor farming methods, irradiation, pasteurization, emulsification, over-refining, genetic modification, steriod-ization, antibiotic-ization. Then before it gets to us they add aspartame, MSG, artificial colors, sodium nitrite, hydrogenated oils, high-fructose corn syrup, acesulfame K, BHA, BHT, olestra, bromate, sulfites, senomyx, and I could go on and on. Good grief, what do they think we are? You and I know that this is not right. A marshmallow should be a marshmallow, not degrade into something chemically unrecognizable. Food should have food value and nourish us, not turn us into an obese sickly country, you know it, I know it and they should know it.

Not long ago the people of England got upset with the food industry over some GMF ingredients that were being put in their foods. Some of the companies involved were pretty big and used to having their way. Well when they realized that the public was angry, they pulled those foods and ingredients from the shelves in one week flat. Maybe we need to do the same thing here in the United States.

Retrieved from “http://www.articlesbase.com/health-articles/obesity-and-the-marshmallow-conspiracy-1024460.html”

(ArticlesBase SC #1024460)

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Paul Blake is a doctor of herbal medicine and a master herbalist. He used naturopathic medicine to treat his own case of cancer eighteen years ago. Visit Paul’s website on Herbal Remedies, Natural Healing Herbs for more interesting information on improving your health.

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Foods That Athletes Use to Gain Strength and Endurance

Over the long-term, regular consumption of bee pollen will help alleviate many different health problems, slow down the aging process, and improve your quality of life. The benefits of bee pollen are vast. It has been scientifically researched and proven to be an immune booster, a reliable source of acquiring vitamins and minerals in the body, and has a wide array of essential proteins.

By:
Paul Blakel

Health>
Nutritionl
Feb 06, 2009
lViews: 434

Make This Energy Packed, Healing Fruit Smoothie Your Everyday Morning Drink

When I had cancer I made a very carefully thought out decision to put a strong effort into using natural healing before I turned myself over to modern medicine. I decided to follow the advice of a Thompsonian Naturopathic Doctor. His was the first advice that made it real clear as to how I got sick and how I would get well. The first thing he told me was “make a fruit smoothie every morning for breakfast for the rest of your life.” That was twenty years ago and I have not varied from that path.

By:
Paul Blakel

Health>
Nutritionl
Jan 01, 2009
lViews: 1,746

The Roll of Enzymes in the Digestion Process and Beyond

When we look at the four stages of digestion the main star of the digestive process is the enzymes and their role in digestion. As you shall see, digestion is only one function of enzymes in your body they play many other roles such as anti-inflammation, healing injuries, energy, detoxing, anti-parasite, and many more.

By:
Paul Blakel

Health>
Nutritionl
Dec 07, 2008
lViews: 804

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